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Nigeria

Nigeria is the most populated country of Africa (130 million) but also a country of tremendous disparities: very rich in resources (7th biggest oil producer with 40 billion US$ of oil revenues per year) but also with a vast majority of its population living in extreme poverty (with a HDI rank of 151 it is considered as one of the 20 poorest countries).

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The public sector of services suffered a severe downfall of performance during the last 20 years and it is listed as number 2 in the TI ranking of the most corrupt countries. Many describe the political system of Nigeria during the last decades as a “cleptocraty”, where the enrichment of a small class of powerful people contributes to the poverty of the majority. Direct result is the extreme low performance of the public health system with one of the worst health indicators in the world:Maternal mortality of 800 / 100.000 live birthInfant mortality 110 / 1000Under-five mortality 183 / 1000Children under weight for age 36%Children under height for age 43%Life expectancy 48.8 yearsPopulation with access to clean water 62%Population with access to sanitation 54%This might explain that Nigeria is periodically hit by epidemics such as CSM (cerebro-spinal meningitis), Cholera, Measles and Yellow Fever. Malaria is endemic in the country and the HIV/AIDS prevalence is increasing.At the same time Nigeria is the homeland for about 350 ethnics and for the majority of the population the concept of “Nation Nigeria” has apparently much less importance than their self-identification with a certain tribe, kingdom or religion. The mistrust between “settlers” and “indigenous” everywhere in the country and the fight for a bigger share of the oil revenues or fertile lands as well as the fight of “supremacy” are probably the main reasons for the continuous violent clashes, which are flagellating the country since years (11.000 deaths since 1999). This compounds the already precarious situation of the public health system, blocks in many cases the access of the population to the few existing health facilities and creates a huge number of internally displaced people, living over years under infrahuman conditions in IDP (internally displaced population – i.e. refugees in their own country) camps in different parts of the country (estimated 800.000 in 2004).

Lenka Beňová

Lenka Beňová

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Som človek s nenásytnou chuťou byť a byť tam, kde som ešte nebola. Zoznam autorových rubrík:  SúkromnéNezaradené

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